Systems and methods for testing multi-element lighted displays

ABSTRACT

Systems and methods for testing a light emitting display unit having a plurality of light emitting elements are disclosed. Embodiments include a system with a test module, the test module including a plurality of light detection elements. Each of the plurality of light detection elements may generate a signal upon detection of light emitted from a light emitting element. The test module may also include a circuit. The circuit may receive input signals from the plurality of light detection elements, process the input signals based on a pre-determined function of the circuit, and generate an aggregate output signal based on the processing of the input signals. The circuit may also process the input signals based on discrete implementation of a combinational logic. The circuit may further receive instructions determining the combinational logic to be implemented.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to a system and method fortesting lighted displays, and more particularly, to a system and methodfor testing multi-segmented lighted displays by testing display elementsin parallel.

BACKGROUND

Large screen displays or multi-element lighted displays for thepresentation of time-dependent images such as videos have become morecommon in recent years. Many such displays are used in fixed locationssuch as at sporting grounds, or in temporary locations for specialevents such as at concerts or large public gatherings. Multi-elementlighted displays are also commonly used as indicators on printed circuitboard (PCB) assemblies.

PCBs, for use in computers and other electronic assemblies, include manylight sources, typically light emitting diodes (LEDs). It is commonpractice to test circuits and components of a PCB assembly, includingdisplay elements, by routing signals from light detection elements thatdetect the light emitted by the display elements to a test fixture. Testsignals are applied to the PCBs, and voltages generated across thevarious components and key parts of the circuit are monitored forverifying the operational characteristics of the components and thecircuit. Though this method can provide high throughput in testing ofdisplay elements, it can be very time consuming and expensive when thenumber of displays is large, particularly when multiple PCBs are testedat the same time. In particular, the amount of data to be analyzed canbe large for a display utilizing multiple light emitting elements.

Other types of automatic vision testing systems, which test for both theelectrical and optical characteristics of LEDs on a printed circuitboard are also available. Typically, such vision testing systems rely ona video camera and a frame grabber. The video camera images the printedcircuit board, and the frame grabber grabs an image of the printedcircuit board when the LEDs are powered up. The image is subsequentlyprocessed and interpreted by a computer. However, such automatic visiontesting systems tend to be relatively expensive, relatively large, andunwieldy. Additionally, because the image of the printed circuit boardgrabbed from the video camera contains a significant amount of redundantinformation, relatively sophisticated algorithms and relatively largeamounts of computer processing power are required to extract therelevant data from the image to verify that the LEDs are operational.

While it is common to employ a variety of other optical testing methodssuch as advanced imaging techniques using infra-red cameras, thesemethods can suffer from scalability issues because of angle-of-viewconsiderations for multiple PCB assemblies, and because of the physicalroom/layout of multiple PCB assemblies. Such optical testing methods ofdisplay elements on PCBs or PCB assemblies are far from error proof, andmiscalculations and undetected faulty devices could be harmful incertain situations, for example, if a user relies on an LED mounted on aPCB configured to indicate excessive applied voltage to a circuit or acircuit component, and if the failure of the LED is undetected,significant damage could be potentially caused to the circuit and/or theuser.

PCB assemblies with display elements are often tested by routing signalsfrom photodetectors to test equipment or using high-resolution camerasand computer vision. Large displays with high definition and resolutionhave a higher number of densely packed LEDs. As a result, testing suchlarge displays can be quite complex. Moreover, if a single element of amulti-element display fails, the whole PCB assembly is rejected and sentfor rework. Additionally, testing a large number of LEDs requires anenormous amount of computing resources and can be very time consuming.

The disclosed system and methods for testing multi-element lighteddisplays, address one or more of the problems set forth above and/orother deficiencies in the prior art.

SUMMARY

One aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a system for testinga light emitting display unit having a plurality of light emittingelements. The system may include a test module, including a plurality oflight detection elements. Each of the plurality of light detectionelements may be configured to generate a signal upon detection of lightemitted from a light emitting element. The test module may also includea circuit configured to receive input signals from the plurality oflight detection elements, process the input signals based on apre-determined function of the circuit, and generate an aggregate outputsignal based on the processing of the input signals. The aggregateoutput signal is configured to determine whether the light emittingdisplay unit is functioning. The circuit may be further configured toprocess the input signals based on discrete implementation of acombinational logic. The circuit may be further configured to receiveinstructions for determining the combinational logic to be implemented.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a method fortesting a light emitting display unit having a plurality of lightemitting elements. The method may include generating a signal from eachof a plurality of light detection elements upon detection of lightemitted from a light emitting element. The method may also includereceiving, via a circuit, input signals from the plurality of lightdetection elements, processing, via the circuit, the input signals basedon a pre-determined function of the circuit, and generating, via thecircuit, an aggregate output signal based on the processing of the inputsignals. The aggregate output signal is configured to determine whetherthe light emitting display unit is functioning. The method may furtherinclude processing the input signals based on discrete implementation ofa combinational logic. In some embodiments, the method may includereceiving instructions for determining the combinational logic to beimplemented. The aggregate output signal may be configured to indicate acharacteristic of the tested light emitting display unit, and theaggregate output signal may include an electrical signal or an opticalsignal.

In some embodiments, the method may include aligning each lightdetection element of the plurality of light detection elements with thecorresponding light emitting element.

Yet another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a system fortesting light emitting display unit having a plurality of light emittingelements. The system may include a plurality of light detectionelements. Each of the plurality of light detection elements may beconfigured to generate a signal upon detection of light emitted from alight emitting element. The system may also include a combinationallogic circuit configured to receive input signals. The input signals mayinclude electrical signals generated from each of the plurality of lightdetection elements. The combinational logic circuit may be furtherconfigured to process the input signals based on a pre-determinedfunction of the combinational logic circuit, and generate an aggregateoutput signal based on the processing of the input signals.

In some embodiments, the aggregate output signal may be configured toindicate a characteristic of the tested light emitting display unit. Theaggregate output signal is configured to determine whether the lightemitting display unit is functioning. The aggregate output signal mayinclude an electrical signal or an optical signal.

In some embodiments, the test module includes a plurality of light pipesconfigured to transport light emitted from each of the plurality oflight emitting elements to the plurality of light detection elements.The test module may also include a circuit board, a printed circuitboard, or a printed circuit board assembly.

In some embodiments, the circuit board, during testing, may bepositioned such that each light detection element of the plurality oflight detection elements of the test module is aligned with thecorresponding light emitting element.

In some embodiments, the electronic circuit includes an electroniccircuit or an optical circuit. The electronic circuit may include acombinational logic circuit, a field-programmable gate array includingone or more logic gates, a multiplexer, a programmable logic device, ora microprocessor.

In some embodiments, the plurality of light detection elements mayinclude phototransistors, photodiodes, photobipolar transistors, orphotomultiplier tubes.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing summary and the followingdetailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are notrestrictive of the disclosed embodiments as claimed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute apart of this specification, illustrate disclosed embodiments and,together with the description, serve to explain the disclosedembodiments. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an exemplary testing system, consistentwith disclosed embodiments.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an exemplary testing system includinglight emitting elements and light detection elements, consistent withdisclosed embodiments.

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary testing system including a display and atest fixture, consistent with disclosed embodiments.

FIG. 4 is a schematic of an exemplary circuit for a testing system,consistent with disclosed embodiments.

FIG. 5 is a schematic of another exemplary circuit for a testing system,consistent with disclosed embodiments.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary method of testingmulti-element lighted displays, consistent with disclosed embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure is generally directed to systems and methods fortesting a light emitting display unit having a plurality of lightemitting elements. The system may include a test module, including aplurality of light detection elements. Each of the plurality of lightdetection elements may be configured to generate a signal upon detectionof light emitted from a light emitting element. The test module may alsoinclude a circuit configured to receive input signals from the pluralityof light detection elements, process the input signals based on apre-determined function of the circuit, and generate an aggregate outputsignal based on the processing of the input signals. The circuit may befurther configured to process the input signals based on discreteimplementation of a combinational logic. The circuit may be configuredto receive instructions determining the combinational logic to beimplemented.

The method may include generating a signal from each of a plurality oflight detection elements upon detection of light emitted from a lightemitting element. The method may also include receiving, via a circuit,input signals from the plurality of light detection elements;processing, via the circuit, the input signals based on a pre-determinedfunction of the circuit; and generating, via the circuit, an aggregateoutput signal based on the processing of the input signals. The methodmay further include processing the input signals based on discreteimplementation of a combinational logic. In some embodiments, the methodmay include receiving instructions determining the combinational logicto be implemented. The aggregate output signal may be configured toindicate a characteristic of the tested light emitting display unit, andthe aggregate output signal may include an electrical signal or anoptical signal.

Reference will now be made in detail to the disclosed embodiments,examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary testing system 100 for testingmulti-element lighted displays, consistent with disclosed embodiments.Testing system 100 may include a display driver 110, a microcontroller115, a display 120, a test fixture 130, a test circuit 140, an output150, a processor 160, and data storage medium 170. Testing system 100may also include other components, not shown in FIG. 1, for example, oneor more databases to store data, instructions, or input signals etc., anetwork configured to connect elements of testing system 100 to eachother through the network, or the like. Although FIG. 1 illustrates onlyone of each of display driver 110, display 120, test fixture 130, testcircuit 140, output 150, processor 160, and data storage medium 170, itis contemplated that testing system 100 may include any number ofdisplay drivers 110, displays 120, test fixtures 130, test circuits 140,outputs 150, processors 160, and/or data storage media 170.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, display driver 110 may be acontrol circuit configured to control the operation of display 120.Display driver 110 may include a circuit for current generation tocontrol output currents from a plurality of current sources. Displaydriver 110 may also include one or more sources for supplyingpre-determined voltage, current switching circuits, current wiringconnecting the plurality of current sources to the current switchingcircuits, one or more operational amplifiers to accurately determine thecurrent outputs from the current sources, and the like.

In some embodiments, display driver 110 may be configured to be operatedby microcontroller 115. Microcontroller 115 may be pre-programmed toapply appropriate test signals to selectively activate one or more lightemitting sources of display 120. The microcontroller may also beconfigured to apply appropriate test signals to test other componentsand circuitry of display driver 110. In other embodiments, displaydriver 110 may be directly controlled through a software programconfigured to apply test signals based on user-preference orpre-determined algorithms. Alternatively, the microcontroller mayexecute the software program to apply test signals for testingcomponents and circuits of display driver 110. Other possiblecombinations using microcontroller and software programs to controldisplay driver 110 may be employed.

Referring to FIG. 1, display 120 may include a plurality of lightsources arranged in a rectangular matrix, in a circular matrix, in aspecific pattern, or arranged randomly. Display 120 may be a staticdot-matrix display, an animated dot-matrix display, or a multi-segmenteddisplay, for example, a seven-segment display, a nine-segment display, afourteen-segment display, or a sixteen-segment display. Some of thecommon applications of multi-segmented displays include car stereos,microwave ovens, slot machines, DVD players, and calculators. In someembodiments, each segment of a multi-segmented display may be a singleLED.

In some embodiments, the light sources of display 120 may be LEDs,liquid crystal displays (LCDs), vacuum fluorescent devices,electroluminescent devices, photo-luminescent devices, or the like.Display 120 can include, for example, an LCD display panel, a LEDdisplay panel, a PCB with LEDs, or multiple PCBs with LEDs.

Testing system 100 may include test fixture 130 and test circuit 140.Test circuit 140 may be integrated with test fixture 130 or test circuit140 may be a separate unit configured to operate elements of testfixture 130. In some embodiments, test fixture 130 may include a printedcircuit board or a printed circuit board assembly equipped with lightdetecting elements configured to detect light emitted by light sourcesin display 120 or by one or more devices under test.

In some embodiments, test circuit 140 may be integrally connected totest fixture 130. Test circuit 140 may include preprogrammed circuitryto operate elements of test fixture 130 and/or analyze the testperformance of display 120. In some embodiments, test circuit 140 mayinclude an electrical circuit, or an electronic circuit, or an opticalcircuit or any combinations thereof. The electrical or electroniccircuit may include one or more of resistors, capacitors, inductors suchas transformer or coils, transistors, diodes, sensors, etc. The opticalcircuit may include electrical or electronic circuit components combinedwith optical components such as mirrors, lens, optical filters, etc.

Test circuit 140 may include one or more combinational logic circuits,field-programmable gate arrays including logic gates, multiplexers,programmable logic devices, or microprocessor circuits, or anycombinations thereof. A combinational logic circuit may be implementeddiscretely or in combination with a complex programmable logic device(CPLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a microprocessor.

Referring to FIG. 1, testing system 100 may also include one or moreoutputs 150. Output 150 is configured to process and/or relay the testresults of display 120 determined by test circuit 140. Output 150 mayinclude a visual notification, a voice prompt, an electrical signal toactivate a switch, an optical signal, or the like. In some embodiments,output 150 may be configured to generate an output based on the outputsignal generated by test circuit 140.

In some embodiments, testing system 100 may include one or moreprocessors 160. Processor 160 may include one or more known processingdevices, such as, but not limited to, microprocessors from the Pentium™or Xeon™ family manufactured by Intel™, the Turion™ family manufacturedby AMD™, or any of various processors from other manufacturers. In someembodiments, processor 160 may execute software instructions or hardwareinstructions to perform functions in accordance with the disclosure.

Processor 160 may execute one or more computer programs configured tocontrol one or more of display drivers 110 or displays 120. Processor160 may also execute one or more computer programs configured to operateone or more of test fixtures 130 or test circuits 140. Processor 160 maybe the central processing unit of testing system 100 configured tocontrol and operate testing system 100 and all of its components.

As shown in FIG. 1, testing system 100 may include one or more datastorage media 170. Data storage medium 170 may be configured to storedata related to testing system 100. For example, test results of display120 may be stored temporarily to be displayed on output 150 at a laterstage or information about display being tested.

In some embodiments, data storage medium 170 may be configured to storeinstructions for processor 160 to control one or more of display drivers110, displays 120, test fixtures 130, test circuits 140, outputs 150.Data storage medium 170 may further be configured to be accessed by oneor more processors 150 to generate a test report including relevantdetails such as time, duration, test results, and the like.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of portions of an exemplary testing system100. Display driver 110 may be configured to operate and/or control oneor more light emitting elements, for example, 122, 124, 126, and 128 ofdisplay 120. Light emitting elements 122, 124, 126, and 128 may be LEDsmounted on a PCB or a PCB assembly (PCBA), or LEDs representingindividual segments of a multi-segmented display, or LCDs representingindividual segments of a multi-segmented display. In some embodiments,light emitting elements such as LEDs, for example, 122, 124, 126, and128 may be arranged in a rectangular array, a circular array, randomlyarranged, or any combination thereof. In a rectangular arrayarrangement, the LEDs may be evenly spaced or unevenly spaced. In acircular array the LEDs may be arranged in concentric circles ornon-concentric circles.

Test fixture 130 may include one or more light detection elements, forexample, 132, 134, 136, and 138. Light detection elements 132, 134, 136,and 138 may include phototransistors, photodiodes, photobipolartransistors, or photomultiplier tubes. As illustrated in FIG. 2, lightdetection element 132, for example, may be positioned at an optimumdistance 135 from light emitting source 122, such that light detectionelement 132 captures a majority of the light emitted by light emittingelement 122 without interference from light emitted from a neighboringlight emitting element (for example, LED 124). Optimum distance 135 maybe a distance between light emitting surface 123 of light emittingelement 122 and light detecting surface 133 of light detection element132. In exemplary embodiments, optimum distance 135 may be 1 mm or less,2 mm or less, 5 mm or less, 10 mm or less, 20 mm or less, 30 mm or less,40 mm or less, 50 mm or less. In a preferred embodiment, optimumdistance 135 may be 0.5 mm or less.

In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 2, a light detecting surface133 of light detection element 132 may be larger in dimension comparedto light emitting surface 123 of light emitting source 122, to allowcapturing a majority of the light emitted from light emitting source122. Light detection elements, for example, 132, 134, 136, and 138 maybe further aligned to detect light emitted from each of thecorresponding light emitting elements 122, 124, 126, and 128,respectively.

In some embodiments, light emitting elements 122, 124, 126, and 128 maybe LEDs used as indicators, mounted on a PCB or a PCBA such that lightemitting surfaces 123 of two or more light emitting elements may benonplanar. The positioning of individual light detection elements, forexample, 132, 134, 136, and 138, can be adjusted accordingly to maintainoptimum distance 135 from light emitting surface 123 of a correspondinglight emitting element 122, 124, 126, or 128. Optimum distance 135,dimensions of light detecting surface 133, number of light detectionelements 132, 134, 136, and 138, number of light emitting elements 122,124, 126, or 128, and dimensions of light emitting surfaces 123 maydetermine a resolution of display 120 that can be tested.

In some embodiments, light detection elements, for example, 132, 134,136, and 138, may include a photodiode or a phototransistor, which maybe a semiconductor device that receives light (photons) and converts theelectromagnetic energy into an electric current as the output signal. Asillustrated in FIG. 2, light detection elements 132, 134, 136, and 138may be coupled with test fixture 130. In some embodiments, lightdetection elements 132, 134, 136, and 138 may be disposed on testfixture 130. Alternatively, light detection elements 132, 134, 136, and138 may not be disposed on test fixture 130 but instead may beelectrically connected with test fixture 130 through electrical wiring.

FIG. 3 illustrates a portion of another exemplary testing system 300including a display source 308 and test fixture 130. Display source 308may include a carrier panel 310 and a plurality of light emittingelements. (for example, 122, 124, 126, or 128) The plurality of lightemitting elements 122, 124, 126, or 128 may be mounted on carrier panel310 with an even spacing or uneven spacing. Carrier panel 310 maycomprise a PCB, a PCBA, a display backing plate, an array of PCBs anarray of PCBAs, or the like. In some embodiments, carrier panel 310 mayinclude at least display driver 110.

In some embodiments, test fixture 130 may include a plurality of lightcollectors 320, a plurality of light detection elements 132, a pluralityof electrical wires 330 configured to electrically connect the lightdetection elements to test circuit 140. Light collectors 320 may includeoptical fibers, optical cables, light pipes, or the like. Optical fiber320 may include a source end 322 and a detector end 324. Source end 322may be positioned nearer to and in-line with light emitting element 122,and detector end 324 may be configured to terminate in light detectionelement 132. Each of the plurality of optical fibers 320 may beconfigured to collect and transport light from a corresponding LED 122to a corresponding light detection element 132. Optical fibers 320 mayprovide lossless transportation of light (photons) from light emittingelement 122 to light detection element 132.

In some embodiments, test fixture 130 may be stationary, while carrierpanel 310 including the plurality of light emitting elements may bemoveable. Carrier panel 310 may be moved nearer to or away from testfixture 130 to maintain a pre-determined optimum distance 135. Carrierpanel 310 may be moved incrementally away from or nearer to test fixture130 based on an intensity and/or a specificity of a signal generated bylight detection elements (e.g. 132, 134, 136, or 138), when lightemitted from light emitting source (e.g. 122, 124, 126, or 128) isdetected.

In some embodiments, carrier panel 310 may be stationary, while testfixture 130 may be moveable. Test fixture 130 may be moved nearer to oraway from carrier panel 310 to maintain a pre-determined optimumdistance 135. Test fixture 130 may be moved incrementally away from ornearer to carrier panel 310 based on intensity and specificity of signalgenerated by light detection element 132 (or 134, 136, or 138), whenlight emitted from light emitting source (e.g. 122, 124, 126, or 128) isdetected.

In some embodiments, test fixture 130 and carrier panel 310 may both bestationary, while optical fibers 320 may be moveable. Optical fibers 320may be moved nearer to or away from carrier panel 310 to maintain apre-determined optimum distance 135 between light emitting surfaces 123and source ends 322 of optical fibers 320. Optical fibers 320 may beindividually moved incrementally away from or nearer to carrier panel310 based on an intensity and/or a specificity of a signal generated bylight detection element 132 (or 134, 136, or 138), when light emittedfrom light emitting source (e.g. 122, 124, 126, or 128) is detected.

In some embodiments, optimum distance 135 for light emitting sources oncarrier panel 310 may be determined based on characteristics of emittedlight, for example, wavelength, intensity, saturation, hue, etc. In someembodiments, optimum distance 135 may be uniform for all light emittingsources on carrier panel 310. In other embodiments, optimum distance 135may be non-uniform.

In some embodiments, test fixture 130 may comprise positioning boresconfigured to tightly engage and position optical fibers 320 with sourceends 322 aligned with the light emitting elements (e.g. 122, 124, 126,or 128) and detector ends 324 aligned with the light detection elements(e.g. 132, 134, 136, or 138). Positioning bores may extend through thethickness or a portion of the thickness of test fixture 130. In someembodiments, positioning bores may be used as light paths or lightcavities where light from the LEDs may be transported without opticalfibers.

In some embodiments, aligning light detection element (e.g. 132, 134,136, or 138) with light emitting element (e.g. 122, 124, 126, or 128)may include positioning light detection element (e.g. 132, 134, 136, or138) relative to a corresponding light emitting element (e.g. 122, 124,126, or 128) such that a majority of the light emitted by the lightemitting element (e.g. 122, 124, 126, or 128) is captured. For example,the amount of light captured may be in the range of 80% or more, 85% ormore, 90% or more, 95% or more, or 99% or more. In a preferredembodiment, amount of light captured by light detection elements is 99%or more.

In some embodiments, optical fibers (e.g., 320) may be configured tocollect and transport light from light emitting elements (e.g. 122, 124,126, or 128) to light detection elements (e.g. 132, 134, 136, or 138).Source end 322 of optical fibers (e.g., 320) may be aligned with lightemitting surface (e.g., 123) of light emitting elements (e.g. 122, 124,126, or 128) such that optical fibers (e.g. 320) collect a majority ofthe light emitted. The amount of light collected by optical fiber (e.g.,320) may be in the range of 80% or more, 85% or more, 90% or more, 95%or more, or 99% or more. In a preferred embodiment, amount of lightcaptured by light detection elements is 99% or more.

In some embodiments, detector end 324 of optical fibers (e.g., 320) maybe aligned with light detecting surface (e.g., 133) of light detectionelements (e.g. 122, 124, 126, or 128) such that light detecting surface(e.g., 133) detects a majority of the light collected and transported byoptical fiber 320. Detector end 324 may be aligned with light detectingsurface (e.g. 133) by positioning detector end 324 relative to lightdetecting surface (e.g. 133) to allow light detecting surface (e.g.,133) to detect a majority of the light collected and transported byoptical fiber 320.

Referring to FIG. 3, electrical wiring 330 may be configured toelectrically connect light detection elements to test circuit 140.Electrical wiring 330 may include copper, silver, gold, or othersuitable electrically conducting wires.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic of circuit 400 of testing system 100. Circuit400 may comprise display driver 110 (not shown in FIG. 4), LEDs 422,424, 426, and 428, which may be electrically coupled to a common voltagesource 452, phototransistors 432, 434, 436, and 438, which may beelectrically coupled to a common voltage source 442 separate fromvoltage source 452 for LEDs 422, 424, 426, and 428, and test circuit140. Although only four LEDs and phototransistors are illustrated inFIG. 4, it is understood that more or less LEDs and phototransistors maybe used. Circuit 400 may also include other components, not shown, forexample, inverters, filters, operational amplifiers, rectifiers,alternate power sources, etc.

A terminal of a phototransistor (e.g. 432, 434, 436, and 438) may beelectrically coupled to a power supply that supplies a suitable sourceof d.c. voltage 442 to operate the phototransistor. A load resistor(e.g. 446, 448, 450, or 452) of a pre-determined resistance value may beelectrically coupled between the terminal configured to receive powerand electrical ground thereby to define an output voltage. Loadresistors (e.g. 446, 448, 450, or 452) with suitable resistance valuesmay be employed. A terminal of an LED (e.g. 422, 424, 426, and 428) maybe electrically coupled to a power supply that supplies a suitablesource of voltage to operate the LED.

In some embodiments, test circuit 140 may be configured to receive inputsignals from a plurality of light detection elements (432, 434, 436, and438), process the received input signals based on a pre-determinedfunction and generate an aggregate output signal 150 based on thereceived input signals. Test circuit 140 may be an electrical circuitcomprising active components, for example, transistors, diodes, sensors,etc. in combination with passive components, for example, resistors,capacitors, inductors, etc. The light detection elements (432, 434, 436,and 438) may be electrically connected to test circuit 140 throughelectrical connectors (433, 435, 437, and 439). Electrical connectors(433, 435, 437, and 439) may include copper, silver, gold, or othersuitable electrically conducting wires.

In some embodiments, test circuit 140 may be configured to process theinput signals based on discrete implementation of combinational logic.Combinational logic, such as AND gates, OR gates, NOR gates, NAND gates,multiplexers, or encoders-decoders, may be implemented as discrete unitsthat may not be inter-connected. Discrete units of combinational logicmay also not be connected to a common processor or circuit. For example,a single multiplexer (shown later) may be configured to process theinput signals from four phototransistors (e.g., 432, 434, 436, and 438)and generate an output signal 150.

In some embodiments, test circuit 140 may be configured to process theinput signals based on a pre-determined function. Pre-determinedfunction may include determining the wavelength of light emitted byalone or more LEDs on one or more printed circuit boards. In otherembodiments, pre-determined function may include determining wavelength,intensity, and frequency of light emitted by one or more LEDs on one ormore printed circuit boards.

In some embodiments, test circuit 140 may comprise a digital electroniccircuit, for example, combinational logic circuit, as shown in FIG. 5.Combinational logic circuit may include multiplexers, encoder-decoders,or a combination of logic gates, or combinations thereof. In someembodiments, test circuit 140 may comprise an analog electrical circuitand digital electronic circuit.

In some embodiments, combinational logic may be implemented incombination with CPLD, FPGA, Application Specific Integrated Circuit(ASIC), or a microprocessor. In some embodiments, test circuit 140 mayalso include a machine learning or deep learning algorithm configured todetermine predictable outcomes under a given set of conditions.

In some embodiments, FPGA may be an integrated circuit including one ormore configurable logic blocks connected via programmable interconnects.FPGAs may also include input/output blocks, memory components, andsequential components, for example, flip-flops.

Combinational logic circuits, for example, may include one or moremultiplexers 510 configured to receive input signals from lightdetection elements. Multiplexer 510 may comprise a single 4-channelmultiplexer (as shown in FIG. 5), a single 8-channel multiplexer, two8-channel multiplexers, a single 16-channel multiplexer, or the like.Multiplexer 510 may be a combinational logic circuit configured toswitch one of the several input signals through to a common outputsignal by the application of a control signal. Multiplexer 510 maycomprise a digital circuit including a combination of logic gates or ananalog circuit including transistors, field-effect transistors, orrelays to switch one of the voltage or current inputs through to asingle output.

In some embodiments, output signals from multiplexers may further be fedinto a logic gate. For example, testing system for a display or a PCBcomprising 8 LEDs and 8 phototransistors may comprise test circuit 140,including two 4-channel multiplexers and one AND gate. Electricalsignals generated from each of the phototransistors may be received asinput signals by the two 4-channel multiplexers. A single output signalgenerated by each of the multiplexers may further be fed into an ANDgate as an input signal, which is configured to generate an aggregateoutput signal.

In some embodiments, test circuit 140 may comprise an FPGA circuit, or alogic combiner, or a combination thereof. FPGA circuit may bepre-programmed to determine the light sources to be operated prior totesting. A logic combiner may comprise one or more logic gates, forexample, one or more of AND gates, OR gates, NAND gates, and/or NORgates, pre-programmed to test specific patterns on a display such as amulti-segmented display.

In some embodiments, test circuit 140 may include an optical circuitconfigured to test the characteristics of the light emitted by a lightemitting source, for example, frequency, wavelength, or intensity, or acombination thereof. The optical circuit may include one or more of, forexample, cross-polarization filters, low-pass filter, high-pass filter,wave amplifiers, optical waveguides, detectors, and/or attenuators. Forexample, a cross-polarization filter may be positioned in-line with theoptical media source and the detector in the optical circuit may detecta frequency of the light being transferred through. Optical fibers 320may be configured to transport light emitted from the light emittingsource (e.g., 122, shown in FIG. 3) to the optical circuit. The opticalcircuit may be configured to receive the input signals, process thereceived input signals based on a pre-determined function and generatean aggregate output signal 150 based on the received input signals.

In some embodiments, test circuit 140 may include an electro-opticalcircuit, which may include, for example, one or more of electricalconductors such as copper for low speed signals and power signals, andoptical fibers for high speed signals and optical signals. Theelectro-optical circuit may also include, for example, one or more ofoptical mirrors, lenses, and/or other components, which may be operatedby electrical signals generated by the electrical circuit. Opticalfibers 320 may be configured to transport light emitted from the lightemitting source (e.g., 122, shown in FIG. 3) to the electro-opticalcircuit. The electro-optical circuit may be configured to receive theinput signals, process the received input signals based on apre-determined function and generate an aggregate output signal 150based on the received input signals.

In some embodiments, test circuit 140 may further be configured toreceive additional input signals or instructions to determine a logiccombination to be implemented. The instructions to determine the logiccombination to be implemented may be generated by an external circuit(not shown) connected to test circuit 140. External circuit may beconnected to test circuit 140 directly through a wired connection orremotely through a wireless communication. In some embodiments, theexternal circuit may be operated by a user/tester or a software programdesigned to generate specific outputs. For example, external circuit maygenerate a signal configured to instruct test circuit 140 to display aspecific character. The logic combiner would identify and activate thespecific segments of a multi-segment display that constitute the desiredspecific character.

In some embodiments, output signal 150 may include an aggregate signalindicating a pass/fail output of the device being tested, for example,display 120. Test circuit 140 may be configured to generate a desiredoutput. For example, an AND gate may be employed if the desired outputfor display 120 is an aggregate pass/fail indicator. In otherembodiments, specific patterns of displays may need to be tested. Thespecific patterns may include, for example, a character on amulti-segmented LED display, a shape on a dot matrix display, a patternon a PCB, etc. Display driver 110 may be configured to operate and/orcontrol the light emitting sources contributing to generate thecharacter, the shape, or the pattern to be tested and test circuit 140may be configured to generate the output signal in a desired outputformat.

In some embodiments, output signal 150 may include an indication of atotal number of LEDs or light sources that have been tested. Forexample, in a seven-segment display, five out of seven segments may needto be activated to display the number 3, each segment being anindividual LED. If, for example, the output signal 150 indicates thatfour LEDs are activated, the display may be tested further to determineexactly which of the LEDs may be non-functional. In other embodiments,wherein display 120 may be a PCB including a pre-determined and knownnumber of LEDs mounted, output signal 150 may comprise an actual numberof activated LEDs.

In some embodiments, output signal 150 may include visual indicators.For example, output signal 150 may activate a green LED indicating apass or a red LED indicating a fail. Output signal 150 may also includeaudio, audio-visual, or haptic indications, or combinations thereof. Inother embodiments, output signal 150 may include an electrical signalthat may be further used as an input signal for a different circuit orfor different elements in test circuit 140.

One aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a method for testingmulti-element lighted displays (e.g., 120 shown in FIG. 2). FIG. 6 is aprocess flowchart illustrating an exemplary method of testingmulti-element lighted displays, in accordance with the disclosedembodiments. The order and arrangement of steps in process 600 isprovided for purposes of illustration. As will be appreciated from thisdisclosure, modifications may be made to process 600 by, for example,adding, combining, removing, and/or rearranging the steps for process600.

An exemplary method of testing multi-element lighted displays mayinclude generating light from a light emitting display unit or amulti-element lighted display, as shown in step 610. For example, lightmay be generated by one or more light emitting elements (e.g., 122, 124,126, and 128) or LEDs mounted on a PCB or PCBA, or LEDs representingindividual segments of a multi-segmented display, or LCDs representingindividual segments of a multi-segmented display. In some embodiments,light may be generated by display 120, which may include light emittingelements configured to emit light of a variety of wavelengths,frequency, intensity etc.

In step 620, light detection elements (e.g. 132, 134, 136, or 138) maybe configured to receive light emitted by the light emitting elements((e.g., 122, 124, 126, and 128) of display 120. The emitted light may becollected and transported to light detection elements (e.g. 132, 134,136, or 138) through light collectors such as optical fibers 320 havingsource ends 322 positioned nearer to the light emitting surface 123 oflight emitting element (e.g., 122) and detector end 324 nearer to lightdetecting surface 133 of light detection element 132.

In some embodiments, emitted light may be received by the lightdetection elements (e.g. 132, 134, 136, or 138) without the opticalfibers 320. For example, light detection elements (e.g., 132, 134, 136,or 138) may be positioned at optimum distance 135 from light emittingelements, (e.g., 124, 126, and 128) such that a majority of the lightemitted by the light emitting elements (e.g. 122, 124, 126, or 128) iscaptured without interference from light emitted from a neighboringlight emitting element (e.g., LED 124). In other embodiments, opticalfibers (e.g., 320) may be configured to collect and transport light fromlight emitting elements (e.g. 122, 124, 126, or 128) to light detectionelements (e.g. 132, 134, 136, or 138).

Step 630 includes generating a signal based on light detected by thelight detection elements (e.g. 132, 134, 136, or 138). For example,photodetectors such as phototransistors (e.g., 432, 434, 436, or 438)may generate the signal by converting light received into electricalenergy as output. The output signal of the photodetectors may be anelectrical signal, for example, a voltage or a current signal. Thecharacteristics of electrical signal generated may be based on thecharacteristics of the intensity, wavelength, or frequency of the lightdetected by the light detection elements (e.g. 132, 134, 136, or 138).

In step 640, test circuit 140 may receive the signals generated by thelight detection elements (e.g. 132, 134, 136, or 138). For example,phototransistors (e.g. 432, 434, 436, or 438) may be electricallyconnected to test circuit 140 or multiplexer 510 through electricalconnectors (433, 435, 437, and 439), which may transmit the generatedsignals to test circuit 140 or multiplexer 510. The generated signalsreceived from the light detection elements (e.g., 132, 134, 136, or 138)may comprise input signals for test circuit 140. In some embodiments,test circuit 140 may include combinational logic, including AND gates,OR gates, NOR gates, NAND gates, multiplexers, or encoders-decoders. Inthese exemplary embodiments, test circuit 140 may also receive inputsignals or instructions to determine the logic combination to beimplemented. The instructions to determine the logic combination to beimplemented may be generated by an external circuit (not shown)connected to test circuit 140. For example, external circuit maygenerate a signal configured to instruct test circuit 140 to display aspecific character.

In step 650, test circuit 140 may be configured to process the receivedinput signals based on a pre-determined function. For example, testcircuit 140 may determine wavelengths, intensities, frequencies, etc.,of light emitted by LEDs (e.g., 422, 424, 426, and 428) on one or moreprinted circuit boards. In some embodiments, test circuit 140 may beconfigured to process the input signals based on discrete implementationof combinational logic. In these exemplary embodiments, based on thereceived instructions, the logic combiner or test circuit 140 mayidentify and activate the specific segments of multi-segment display 120that constitute the desired character

In step 660, test circuit 140 may generate an aggregate output signal150 based on the processing of input signals. For example, output signal150 may comprise an aggregate signal indicating a pass/fail output ofdisplay 120 being tested. In other embodiments, output signal 150 mayinclude an indication of a total number of LEDs or light emittingelements (e.g., 122, 12, 126, and 128) that have been tested. Forexample, in a seven-segment display, five out of seven segments may needto be activated to display the number 3, each segment being anindividual LED. In other embodiments, wherein display 120 may be a PCBincluding a pre-determined and known number of LEDs mounted, outputsignal 150 may comprise an actual number of activated LEDs.

The foregoing descriptions have been presented for purposes ofillustration and description. They are not exhaustive and are notlimited to the precise forms or embodiments disclosed. Modifications andadaptations will be apparent to those skilled in the art fromconsideration of the specification and practice of the disclosedembodiments. For example, the described implementation includes softwarebut embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented as a combination ofhardware and software or in hardware alone.

Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled inthe art from consideration of the specification and practice of theembodiments disclosed herein. The specification and examples should beconsidered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of thedisclosure being indicated by the following claims.

1. A system for testing a light emitting display unit having a pluralityof light emitting elements, the system comprising: a test fixture,including: a plurality of light detection elements, the light detectionelements being configured to generate signals upon detection of lightemitted from the light emitting element, wherein the test fixture ismovable towards or away from the light emitting elements to maintain apre-determined distance between the test fixture and one or more of thelight emitting elements based on an intensity of the generated signals;and a circuit configured to: receive input signals from the lightdetection elements; process the input signals based on a pre-determinedfunction of the circuit and discrete implementation of a combinationallogic, wherein the pre-determined function includes determiningwavelength of the light emitted from the light emitting elements; andgenerate an aggregate output signal based on the processing of the inputsignals, wherein the aggregate output signal is configured to determinewhether the light emitting display unit is functioning.
 2. (canceled) 3.The system of claim 1, wherein the aggregate output signal is furtherconfigured to indicate a characteristic of the tested light emittingdisplay unit.
 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the circuit is furtherconfigured to receive instructions determining the combinational logicto be implemented.
 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the aggregateoutput signal comprises an electrical signal or an optical signal. 6.The system of claim 1, wherein the test fixture further comprises aplurality of light collectors configured to transport light emitted fromeach of the plurality of light emitting elements to the plurality oflight detection elements.
 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the testfixture comprises a circuit board, a printed circuit board, or a printedcircuit board assembly.
 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the circuitboard, during testing, is positioned such that each light detectionelement of the plurality of light detection elements of the test fixtureis aligned with a corresponding light emitting element.
 9. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the circuit comprises an electronic circuit or anoptical circuit.
 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the electroniccircuit comprises a combinational logic circuit, a field-programmablegate array including one or more logic gates, a multiplexer, aprogrammable logic device, or a microprocessor.
 11. The system of claim1, wherein the plurality of light detection elements comprisesphototransistors, photodiodes, photobipolar transistors, orphotomultiplier tubes.
 12. A method for testing a light emitting displayunit having a plurality of light emitting elements and a test fixture,the method comprising: generating a signal from a plurality of lightdetection elements upon detection of light emitted from the lightemitting element, wherein the test fixture is movable towards or awayfrom the light emitting elements to maintain a pre-determined distancebetween the test fixture and one or more of the light emitting elementsbased on an intensity of the generated signals; receiving, via acircuit, input signals from the light detection elements; processing,via the circuit, the input signals based on a pre-determined function ofthe circuit and discrete implementation of a combinational logic,wherein the pre-determined function includes determining wavelength ofthe light emitted from the light emitting elements; and generating, viathe circuit, an aggregate output signal based on the processing of theinput signals, wherein the aggregate output signal is configured todetermine whether the light emitting display unit is functioning. 13.The method of claim 12, further comprising processing the input signalsbased on discrete implementation of a combinational logic.
 14. Themethod of claim 12, further comprising receiving instructionsdetermining the combinational logic to be implemented.
 15. The method ofclaim 12, wherein the aggregate output signal is configured to indicatea characteristic of the tested light emitting display unit.
 16. Themethod of claim 12, wherein the aggregate output signal comprises anelectrical signal or an optical signal.
 17. The method of claim 12,further comprising aligning each light detection element of theplurality of light detection elements with the corresponding lightemitting element.
 18. The method of claim 12, wherein the circuitcomprises an electronic circuit having a combinational logic circuit.19. The method of claim 12, wherein the plurality of light detectionelements comprises phototransistors, photodiodes, photobipolartransistors, or photomultiplier tubes.
 20. A system for testing lightemitting display unit having a plurality of light emitting elements anda test fixture, the system comprising: a plurality of light detectionelements, the light detection elements being configured to generatesignals upon detection of light emitted from the light emitting element,wherein the test fixture is movable towards or away from the lightemitting elements to maintain a pre-determined distance between the testfixture and one or more of the light emitting elements based on anintensity of the generated signals; and a combinational logic circuit,the combinational logic circuit configured to: receive input signals,the input signals including electrical signals generated from each ofthe plurality of light detection elements; process the input signalsbased on a pre-determined function of the combinational logic circuitand discrete implementation of a combinational logic, wherein thepre-determined function includes determining wavelength of the lightemitted from the light emitting elements; and generate an aggregateoutput signal based on the processing of the input signals, wherein theaggregate output signal is configured to determine whether the lightemitting display unit is functioning.